The Tonga people of Zambia and Zimbabwe (also called 'Batonga') are a Bantu ethnic group of southern Zambia and neighbouring northern Zimbabwe, and to a lesser extent, in Mozambique. The Tsonga people are a diverse group of tribes that include the Shangaan, Thonga, Tonga, Vandzawu, VaTshwa, Vakalanga and Valoyi to name a few. The missionary influence in the Southern Province of Zambia is also examined. Hugh Tracey recorded this set of songs, performed for entertainment by a variety of Tonga people from the Gwembe District of the Zambezi Valley, Zambia. Zambian history suggests that 600 years ago a thriving trade centre existed in the Zambezi valley. T T he Tsonga people are a diverse group of tribes that include the Shangaan, Thonga, Tonga, Vandzawu, VaTshwa, Vakalanga and Valoyi to name a few. The name Zambezi comes from the Tonga phrase " Kasambabezi ", which means "only those who know can swim or take bath". 4 D. W. Phillipson, 'Early Iron Age in Zambia'; idem, 'Early iron-using peoples of south-ern Africa', in L. Thompson (ed. Tonga language was in October 2011 officially tested at Grade 7 level for the first time in the history of Zimbabwe. They are related to the Batoka who are part of the Tokaleya people in the same area, but not to the Tonga people of Malawi. from Nubia and the Kingdom of Kemet which comprises areas around present day Ethiopia/Sudan and Egypt and their original totem ( mutupo) was the lion (Tau or Dau) though many changed thereafter. The xibelani dance (Shibelani, Shibelana, Shibelane) is an indigenous dance of the Tsonga culture. A site christened Ingombe Ilede was unearthed by Archaeologists and it showed that people lived here and traded with the Arabs, Chinese and India. Abstract. The peaceful farming communities had stockaded their villages and lived in fear. The name "Tonga" is composed of to (to plant) and nga (a place). Eating Nshima (the staple dish - corn meal at the consistency of thick mash potatoes) . Courtesy of the Windhoek Museum and ILAM. The dam was an initiative of the Federation existing at the time between British ruled Northern and Southern Rhodesia (now Zambia and Zimbabwe) and Nyasaland (Malawi). So the real origin of the Tonga tribe that makes beautiful African baskets is unknown. As i mentioned, i'll be working with ASNAPP, which has operations in the Southern Province of Zambia where Tonga is the dominate language and ethnic group . She is the author of an astonishing number of books and articles concerning virtually every aspect of Tonga life, including religion, law . also Colson, 1970b: 36). In the Livingstone area, Tonga is the most widely spoken of the local languages, while in Lusaka and eastern Zambia, Nyanja is the most popular, followed by Bemba. African mythology of the local Tonga tribe of the Zambezi Valley states that Nyami Nyami the River God who lives in Lake Kariba is believed to be a serpent-like creature. A brief history of the Tonga people Unlike other Zambian tribes which claim to have descended from the Luba-Lunda Kingdom in present day Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola, the exact origin of the Tonga tribe is still unknown. The hereditary title of the Toka Chieftainship is Musokotwane. The songs are accompanied by a variety of instruments ranging from musical bow to wooden xylophone. (Colson, 1968: 202; cf. This group first settled to the north, before the coming of the Subiya, but later moved to the Sinde River, some 9 miles upstream of the Victoria Falls. Masumu River Lodge, Binga boasts spectacular views over Lake Kariba, is the gateway to Binga town and Tongan culture as well as offers an exploration of the characteristic islands in the area. 1 - 20 of 41 results From early human civilisation to today, this book illuminates the history of southern Africa. The name of the dance comes from the native Xitsonga language and it can translate to "hitting to the rhythm" Read reviews from world's largest community for readers. David Livingstone. The Tonga People's Party (TPP), led by Viliami Fukofuka, and the pro-democracy Human Rights and Democracy Movements (HRDM), led by 'Akilisi Pohiva were the principal political parties active in 2003. It must be noted that by this time, there were no borders available meaning that the Namwanga's in Tannzania and Zambia shared everything including leadership. The Gwembe Tonga history is highly complex. Other than the Tonga tribe, the other Zambian tribes are believed to have migrated from the Luba-Lunda Kingdom in DRC and Angola. Zambia is known to have 73 tribes. Hugh Tracey recorded these dance songs with drums in 1957 from the Valley Tonga people of Gwembe District in the Zambezi Valley of Zambia, then called Northern . The total number of languages spoken in Zambia is 73, with the most popular being Nyanja, Bemba, Lozi, Tonga, Luvale, Lunda, and Kaonde. Whereas the word 'Gwembe' was a Ndebele/Nguni name for the Zambezi Valley, today it is employed for all the community cultures of the Zambezi Valley. Ken Vickery's chapter tells the story of the first fifty years of . However Mainga's categorization of the Southern tribes as having Tonga origins is doubtful in certain cases. They are the only tribe in Zambia with a King instead of a chief, and account for approximately 900,000 people. ), African Societies in Southern Africa (London . He served as Editor-in-Chief of the Cuttington Research Journal.He has published many articles including one in the Journal of Negro History, and authored three books, including A History of Agriculture in Liberia, 1822-1970: Transference of American Values (1990). Identification. The Tonga people are identified strongly with the Zambezi River, calling themselves Bazilwizi, "the River People". Lozi/Subiya people, Namibia. In fact, no Zambian Presidential candidate has ever borne the brunt of a tribal stigma as much as HH. Otthonfelújítási támogatás; Teljes körű hitelügyintézés The Culture and History of Zimbabwe: Tonga Tribe. The Tonga People. History of the Tonga Chiefs and Their People in the Monze District of Zambia (American University Studies, Series Regional Studies, Vol 12) by Santosh C. Saha (Hardcover) An Introduction to the History . This Paper. Zambia is also home to a thriving Asian community . This was mainly because you were supposed to be careful when taking bath on the banks of the river as it is infested with crocodiles. By the 18th century, the Portuguese moved in, followed by the British, and hints of these colonial periods can still be seen in the colonial architecture. HISTORY OF THE BUILDINF OF LAKE KARIBA. He also knows a thing or two about mashendo yamu Livingstone.. Nyami Nyami The Zambezi River God. Partly based on field research . In the 1990s the feared witch among Tonga-speakers of Gwembe Valley, Zambia, is often the father, whose adult children accuse him of using witchcraft to gain power over the child's life force to use in his enterprises. 5 HRH Chief Hamusonde Tonga People 6 HRH Chief Ufwenuka Tonga People I. Namwala District 1 HRH Chief Mukobela Ila People 2 HRH Chief Muchila Ila People . The Toka people are a group of Tonga from the country to the south-east of Kalomo. With a population of less than 15 million, Zambia comprises an amazing 72 ethnic groups, most of which are bantu-speaking. The missionary influence in the Southern Province of Zambia is also examined. Desmond Dudwa Phiri has extensively written about the Tumbuka trajectory from where they were in Congo to their new places in Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania. Thus, the Tonga in Colson's view are a creation of British bureaucracy and of a burgeoning nationalism. They are part of the "Bantu Botatwe" group of three related tribes which constitute the Tonga, Ila, and Lenje. CENTRAL PROVINCE A. Chibombo District Tribe 1 HRH Chief Chitanda Lenje People 2 HRH Chieftainess Mungule Lenje People 3 HRH Chief Liteta Lenje People . Hence some similarities in names between the Tonga's and Namwanga's such as Siame in Namwanga and Sianjunza in Tonga. Although chieftainship was not traditionally part of the Tonga structure, chieftaincy is now a significant part of Tonga life.7 According to local tradition, a powerful chief descended from heaven and arrived in the town of Monze, Copper crosses of about 30cm in length have been found to have been the main currency unit. In Zambia the two areas with the most highly centralized indigenous political systems, the Luapula kingdom of Kazembe and the Lozi kingdom of the Upper Zambezi Valley, are the two areas with the most consciously heterogeneous populations wherein men stress different tribal or ethnic origins while The Tonga are known to be the first Bantu people to occupy Zimbezi Valley at around 1100 AD before spreading to the various countries they occupy today. THE ZAMBIAN PEOPLE. Built into the slope of a hill in the Binga province of Zimbabwe, the lodge offers stunning panoramic . Nyami Nyami The Zambezi River God. Partly based on field research in Zambia, it argues that despite many . The Tonga are basically indigenous to the region that is . The Ila-Tonga cluster consists of about 12 dialect groups, including the Lozi, Koba, Lenje, Tonga, Totela, Ila, and others. In a paper given in 1968 Colson analyses the concept of tribe, and states that the Tonga only recognized themselves as Tonga when young nationalist schoolboys tried to give them self-awareness. It showcases the traditions, science, beliefs and ingenuity of the Tonga people in living in what many of us would perceive as a dry . Joseph Moreau says the Tonga word originally known as meaning "a river" Donga meaning "a very large river". African mythology of the local Tonga tribe of the Zambezi Valley states that Nyami Nyami the River God who lives in Lake Kariba is believed to be a serpent-like creature. 21. The status of Tonga varies in different countries and is a marginalised and endangered language in the above-mentioned countries. Tongas produce beef and milk for Zambia, most of Zimbabwean food comes from the Lemba region and minority Tutsi feed Rwanda, Burundi and Eastern Congo (Genesis 49:20). Suspicions of the father arise from changing family dynamics associated with restricted economic opportunities and a . For sixty years (beginning in 1946), she has carried out regular and intensive anthropological research amongst one of central Africa's most important ethnic groups, the Tonga of Zambia and Zimbabwe. Tim Matthews explores the complicated pre-colonial origins of the Tonga-speaking people, while Bennett Siamweza contributes a history of the recurrent famines and responses to them in the Gwembe Valley from 1850 to 1958. David Livingstone found now-Zambia in the grips of terrible suffering when he explored the region between 1855 and 1873. To deeply understand the history of the Tonga people it is important to look at the name " Tonga". Thus, it is appropriate to translate the nation's name as "land lying in the south." Location and Geography. Ila, also called Baila, Sukulumbwe, or Shukulumbwe, a Bantu-speaking people inhabiting an area west of Lusaka, the national capital of Zambia. Page 2 of 19 The name „Tonga‟ means independent,6 representing the Tonga people‟s original structure as independent family units. Photograph by Cecilia Geldenhuys, June 1981. History According to myth, the Lozi tribe began when the sun god Nyambe descended from heaven onto Barotseland, which is the Lozi homeland. Portuguese, German and French form part of . View Cart Download $5.94. Raised in the multi-cultural city of Livingstone, he often ate ndongo and mapopwe with his peers drawn from diverse ethnic backgrounds. They are agriculturalists and heavily depend on substance farming. Bukande tabukwe ndido mbotu. Vast areas of forest and scrub would be inundated. Tongas produce beef and milk for Zambia, most of Zimbabwean food comes from the Lemba region. A short summary of this paper. (The foolish are always safe and the clever end up in trouble.) The Ila combine agriculture with animal husbandry. Bufubafuba mukondo wabo bupampu buyookupampuuza (see 19). The Tonga's however proceeded to Southern Zambia. Masumu River Lodge, Binga boasts spectacular views over Lake Kariba, is the gateway to Binga town and Tongan culture as well as offers an exploration of the characteristic islands in the area. It can be argued that his defeat in previous Presidential polls was in part enabled by a . 22. Chewa. (People choose to be poor.) Hence some similarities in names between the Tonga's and Namwanga's such as Siame in Namwanga and Sianjunza in Tonga. The Chewa ethnic community makes up 7% of the Zambia's population. Everyone has the potential to be rich as long as they think and work very hard. Their original identity as matrilineal people was reshaped by the coming in of . The Tonga are one of the Southern African Tribes found in more than one country and they reside specifically in both the southern part of Zambia and the north-western part of Zimbabwe. Bachewa is divided into two clans namely Phiri and Banda. 20. After the partitioning of boundaries, the headquarters of the Namwanga people remained in Tanganyika or Tanzania under Chief Mukoma. The Tsonga people are a diverse group of tribes that include the Shangaan, Thonga, Tonga, Vandzawu, VaTshwa, Vakalanga and Valoyi to name a few. The Tonga People The exact origin of the Tonga people is still unclear, but what is certain is that they are one of the earliest settlers in modern day Zambia. The islands are divided administratively into three districts: Vava'u in the north, Ha'apai in the center, and Tongatapu in the . The Southerners were related to the Tonga groups occurring in the Southern province of Zambia (Mainga 1973:11). Zambia — History and Culture. CHIEFDOMS/CHIEFS IN ZAMBIA 1. Equally foreign is the word 'Tonga', which describes Gwembe people. The oldest site can be found on Sebanzi Hill on Lochinvar Ranch which is on the edge of the Kafue Flats. Men hunt, fish, and clear land, while women gather foods from the countryside . The Bantu (mainly Tonga) culture is the most prominent in Zambia, though it was the Khoisans that first inhabited the country. The name of the dance comes from the native Xitsonga language and it can translate to "hitting to the rhythm" As a Bantu-speaking people, they do share the general history of migration from Central Europe, which began around the time of Christ. Bachewa is said to have originated from DRC with the Bemba and their language is called Chichewa, and they occupy the southern region of Zambia. According to Colson and Gluckman (1959:1), the origin of the word is unknown . This book analytically records the political and social history of traditional rulers of a southern district in Zambia. Tongas, Zezulus and Tutsi are Jews from the tribe of Asher as they were blessed by their ancestor Jacob. Partly based on field research in Zambia, it argues that despite many significant changes in the district, the traditional Tonga rulers were able to maintain their customary influence over the people. The missionary influence in the Southern Province of Zambia is also examined. Tonga are believed to be the very first Bantu group to cross the Zambezi river coming from the North East (between 300 - 400AD) i.e. The Toka. Tongas, Zezulus and Tutsi are Jews from the tribe of Asher as they were blessed by their ancestor Jacob. Tongas, Zezulus and Tutsi are Jews from the tribe of Asher as they were blessed by their ancestor Jacob. This book ana. Silimba xylophone played by Mr. Mului, accompanied by Milupa drums. To dam the great Zambezi floodplain was in many ways a hopeful leap into the future. Legends has it that the water stains red when he swims past. Plates I, II, and V are reproduced by courtesy of the Director of the Livingstone Museum. The Winamwanga people of Nakonde District are believed to have come from North East Africa together with the Tonga/Ila people of Southern province at about 900 BC. The Author: Santosh C. Saha is a former assistant professor of History at Cuttington University, Liberia. The xibelani dance (Shibelani, Shibelana, Shibelane) is an indigenous dance of the Tsonga culture. They are known by their dialect (ChiTumbuka). The Tonga-Speaking People of Zambia and Zimbabwe: . Tonga community has scored a first for minority languages in Zimbabwe following the formalization of Tonga language in schools in Zambezi Valley basin that borders Zimbabwe and Zambia. HOME; RÓLUNK; SZOLGÁLTATÁSAINK. Buchete nkuyanda. Zambia - History: Books. The Phiri are known to be aristocrats and kings while the Banda are . They are found in countries such as Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Namibia and Mozambique. Their lifestyle was a fugal system or nomadic life, meaning . Their lifestyle was a fugal system or . There were rampaging people on the hunt, armed with guns, for slaves and elephants. Built into the slope of a hill in the Binga province of Zimbabwe, the lodge offers stunning panoramic . The two groups were not only geographically divided, but linguistically as well. By Bwalya Mange The Winamwanga people of Nakonde District are believed to have come from North East Africa together with the Tonga/Ila people of Southern province at about 900 BC. Tribal differences often lead to rejection of the title Shangaan or Tsonga, depending on who you're speaking to. It's important to understand that Tsonga people share one origin, but each tribe has assumed different identities. History of Xitsonga-Speaking Tribes An Analysis and Basic History (Teaching Document) Vonakani Maluleke Final Publication: 2/8/2019 This document is part of a series in my research projects. History of the Tonga Chiefs and Their People in the Monze District of Zambia book. The next most populous ethnic group in Zambia are the Tonga people, who weigh in at roughly 14% of the total population. It reconstructs the biographical sketches of important chiefs and examines social codes such as marriages and divorces. Tongas produce beef and milk for Zambia, most of Zimbabwean food comes from the Lemba region and minority Tutsi feed Rwanda, Burundi and Eastern Congo (Genesis 49:20). The Tonga people live in the Inhambane Province of southeast Mozambique, from Inhambane south to Morrumbane. Zambia is history especially if the con court will treat us like Kindergarten Kids by simply throwing out our petition.The movement of the people of North Western Rhodesia will be felt abroad and . Secretary/Inspector to the Zambia National Monuments Commission from I964 until 1972. It is an analysis of the historical movements and cultural . LOCAL GOVERNMENT. 3 The Tonga people are situated in the Southern region of Zambia. This is an introduction to Zambia's Lozi people. About 90% of the population fall into 9 major ethnolinguistic groups: the Nyanja-Chewa; Bemba; Tonga; Tumbuka; Lunda; Luvale; Kaonde; Nkoya; and Lozi. The Tonga people are an ethnic group scattered across Southern Africa. The Gwembe Valley Tonga gained wide exposure in the academic world through Elizabeth Colson's pioneering anthropological studies in the 1940s and 50s. Download $5.94. It has helped me learn the culture, language, and history of the Tonga people in southern Zambia. It reconstructs the biographical sketches of important chiefs and examines social codes such as marriages and divorces. Csok és Lakáshitel, teljeskörű hitelügyintézés Magyarország egész területén. Legends has it that the water stains red when he swims past. Tonga. 1994 ©1994 Call number DT3058.T65 S24 1994X Type Books History Numbering more than one million in the early 21st century, the Tonga are concentrated along the Zambezi Escarpment and along the shores of Lake Kariba. Read Paper. The Culture and History of Zimbabwe: Tonga Tribe. 37 Full PDFs related to this paper. Tonga ( Chitonga ), also known as Zambezi, is a Bantu language primarily spoken by the Tonga people ( Batonga) who live mainly in the Southern and Western provinces of Zambia, and in northern Zimbabwe, with a few in Mozambique.